In Saint Mark’s Cathedral, where Coptic Pope Tawadros II will lead the mass, worshippers passed through three metal detectors as policemen and soldiers stood guard in the sprawling compound and on the streets outside.

Police cordoned off roads leading to the cathedral compound, where a suicide bomber had struck last December, killing 29 people.

The government declared a state of emergency and called in the army to protect “vital” installations following last Sunday’s suicide bombings in Tanta and Alexandria.

The Islamic State group claimed all three bombings and threatened more.

Following the Palm Sunday attacks, the church had said it would scale back Easter celebrations.

“Tanta and Alexandria created a big shock, for all of Egypt,” Coptic Church spokesman Boulos Halim said.

Easter, which along with Christmas is one of Christianity’s most important events, marks what followers believe was the resurrection of Christ on the third day after his crucifixion.

In Egypt, Copts break a 55-day fast abstaining from all animal products following Saturday’s mass.

“On usual occasions Holy Week is a week for reflection, for considering things that go wrong in the world, the presence of sin in the world and the brokenness of humanity,” said Bishop Angaelos, the General Bishop for the Coptic Orthodox Church in Britain.

“In a week like this it becomes especially pertinent because we see the direct effect of that sin,” he told AFP by phone.

Sunday’s bombings, the deadliest on Copts in recent memory, were the latest in a series of attacks against the Christians who make up around 10 percent of Egypt’s 90 million people.

In Sinai, where IS’s Egypt affiliate is centred, jihadists killed seven Copts in January and February, forcing dozens of Christian families to flee the peninsula.

Halim said the church will forgo Sunday morning’s traditional celebrations, and instead members will visit the families of “martyrs” as well as those wounded in the blasts, including police officers.

“I don’t think the churches are any emptier, in fact they might be fuller,” said Bishop Angaelos.

“But it just means people leave home knowing they are a target, but that doesn’t stop them.”

One Copt who gave his name only as John said he will attend Easter mass despite the threat of attacks.

He plans to go to a church in the relative safety of the capital, but admitted “if I were somewhere else outside of Cairo, like a village, I would not want my relatives to go and I would be worried about attending”.

Christians in a village south of Cairo were attacked by Muslims after they tried to pray in an abandoned home on Thursday, after which a mob set fire to four homes nearby, according to police officials.

The village boasts several mosques, but Christians there have been prevented from building a church, Ishak Ibrahim, a researcher at the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, told AFP.

“There is a general climate where Copts are being persecuted and unfortunately the state just tries to stop violence from spreading, they don’t solve the root cause of the problem.”